Several hormones have specific, important roles in regulating kidney function. They act to stimulate or inhibit blood flow. Some of these are endocrine, acting from a distance, whereas …

The Bowman’s or renal capsule, located at one end of each nephron in the cortex of the kidney, is the blood-filtering region of the nephron. The renal pelvis contains a hilium —the concave site …

These medications bind with phosphate to prevent hyperphosphatemia that commonly occurs with kidney disorders. For patients with more severe or end-stage kidney disease, dialysis, or the …

It is the primary force that drives glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation and constitutes the basic physiologic function of the kidneys. It describes the …

Because the kidney filters blood, its network of blood vessels is an important component of its structure and function. The arteries, veins, and nerves that supply the kidney enter and exit at …

Key aspects of QSEN pertaining to fluid and electrolyte homeostasis through urinary system regulation include the following: Patient-centered care: A comprehensive understanding of the …

Its function is vital for homeostasis of blood volume, blood pressure, and plasma osmolarity. It is regulated by the neuroendocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, …

The kidneys help maintain the acid–base balance by excreting hydrogen ions into the urine and reabsorbing bicarbonate from the urine.

Specific hormones and paracrine agents help regulate renal function, blood pressure, and electrolyte balance. Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone Mechanism is a complex system that …

The left kidney is located at about the T12 to L3 vertebrae, whereas the right is lower due to slight displacement by the liver. Upper portions of the kidneys are somewhat protected by the …