The Third UN Conference on LLDCs adopted the Awaza Programme of Action for the Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade 2024-2034 (APoA). This document represents a renewed and action-oriented ...

Third United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDC3) The Third UN Conference on LLDCs, which took place in Awaza, Turkmenistan from 5-8 August 2025, brought together global ...

Ms Viola Sawere has over 15 years’ experience in international trade policy, private sector development and multi-stakeholder dialogue. She holds a Master’s degree in Business Administration (MBA) ...

Trudi Hartzenberg is the Executive Director of tralac. She has a special interest in trade-related capacity building. Her research areas include trade policy issues, regional integration, investment, ...

Tariro Chivige is a researcher at tralac. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics and has over a decade of experience in customs and excise administration, as well as economic research. Her areas of interest ...

Dr. Ify Ogo is a legal economist and trade specialist. Her experience includes working as the UNDP Regional Coordination Specialist on the AfCFTA, as well as Trade Policy Expert at the African Trade ...

Mercy Mugala Ng’ambi is a Standardisation and Quality-Assurance Inspector, involved in trade compliance enforcement (inspection, testing and certification). She holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Production ...

Ndiitah Nghipondoka-Robiati is Chief Executive Officer, Namibia Trade Forum. Before joining NTF in April 2014, she was a lecturer in the Department of Agricultural Economics at the University of ...

An Executive Order [1] late on 31 July brought a measure of certainty to the fast-paced and continuously evolving US trade policy, especially insofar as it relates to the country’s new tariff regime.

On April 2, a day he called “Liberation Day”, President Trump declared a national economic emergency because of the US’s deficits in trade in goods and announced “reciprocal tariffs” on goods imported ...

The South African Revenue Service (SARS) has released preliminary trade statistics revealing that the country achieved a trade balance surplus of R22.0 billion for June 2025. This positive balance is ...