Everyone is familiar with three of the traditional states of matter (liquid, gas and solid) but the fourth fundamental state is one that is less well known, which seems ridiculous as it is the most ...

Seeking to achieve fusion energy, research on high-temperature and high-density plasma confinement by magnetic fields is being conducted around the world. In a magnetically confined plasma, as the ...

Researchers have found a way to turn a liquid metal into a plasma and to observe the temperature where a liquid under high-density conditions crosses over to a plasma state. Their observations have ...

In a few picoseconds (trillionths of a second), a small, thin piece of copper momentarily becomes dense plasma, specifically a state called warm dense matter, warm being a relative term – the metal is ...

image: PHASMA, housed within West Virginia University's Department of Physics and Astronomy, is a complex, one-of-its-kind-in-the-world experiment composed of vacuum pumps, electromagnets and ...