A common process in industrial plants is separation. It can be separating gas from liquid, solids from liquids, or even liquids from liquids. Centrifugation has been a popular separation technology.

Forward osmosis (FO) membrane technology is an emerging separation process that employs the natural osmotic pressure gradient to drive water transport through semipermeable membranes. This methodology ...

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are critical to desalination and water reuse applications, for the selective separation of unwanted contaminants to produce high quality water. However, the polymer ...