Macrophages, as integral components of the immune system, exhibit diverse roles due to their ability to assume various polarized phenotypes. The ...

Scientists at Trinity College Dublin have discovered that electrically stimulating macrophages can “reprogram” them in such a way to reduce inflammation and encourage faster, more effective healing in ...

A benchtop bioreactor system developed at Hannover Medical School can produce up to 40 million human immune cells per week from stem cells, according to a protocol published in Nature Protocols in ...